Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/94359
Title: Intermetallic compound formation between Sn–3.5Ag solder and Ni-based metallization during liquid state reaction
Authors: He, Min
Lau, Wee Hua
Qi, Guojun
Chen, Zhong
Keywords: DRNTU::Engineering::Materials::Microelectronics and semiconductor materials::Thin films
Issue Date: 2004
Source: He, M., Lau, W. H., Qi, G., & Chen, Z. (2004). Intermetallic compound formation between Sn–3.5Ag solder and Ni-based metallization during liquid state reaction. Thin Solid Films, 462-463, 376-383.
Series/Report no.: Thin solid films
Abstract: Ni and its alloys possess a lower reaction rate with Sn than Cu and Cu alloys. Ni-based under bump metallization (UBM) therefore receives considerable attention from the microelectronic packaging industry for the popular flipchip applications. In this work, we study the interfacial reaction of electroless Ni–P (EN) alloy and Ni UBMs with Sn–3.5Ag solder. Morphology and growth kinetics of the formed Ni3Sn4 intermetallic compound (IMC) in both systems are investigated under different reflow durations. With the Ni–P alloy as the UBM, needle-type, boomerang-type and chunk-type IMC grains coexist at short reflow time, but only chunk-type grains remain after prolonged reflow. With pure Ni as UBM, only scallop grains with faceted surfaces are found under both short and long reflow durations. The thickness of the intermetallic compound in both UBM systems is measured under different reflow conditions, from which the growth kinetics parameters are obtained. It is found that the IMC growth rate is higher with the Ni–P UBM than with pure Ni UBM. Another difference between the two UBMs is the existence of Kirkendall voids at the interface: the voids are found inside the Ni3P layer in the Ni–P UBM system after long-time reflow. However, such voids are not observed in the pure Ni UBM system.
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/94359
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/8208
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.05.058
Schools: School of Materials Science & Engineering 
Rights: © 2004 Elsevier. This is the author created version of a work that has been peer reviewed and accepted for publication by Thin Solid Films, Elsevier. It incorporates referee’s comments but changes resulting from the publishing process, such as copyediting, structural formatting, may not be reflected in this document. The published version is available at: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2004.05.058].
Fulltext Permission: open
Fulltext Availability: With Fulltext
Appears in Collections:MSE Journal Articles

Files in This Item:
File Description SizeFormat 
37. Intermetallic compound formation_liquid state reaction.pdf716.19 kBAdobe PDFThumbnail
View/Open

SCOPUSTM   
Citations 5

87
Updated on Mar 23, 2024

Web of ScienceTM
Citations 5

77
Updated on Oct 30, 2023

Page view(s) 10

905
Updated on Mar 28, 2024

Download(s) 5

623
Updated on Mar 28, 2024

Google ScholarTM

Check

Altmetric


Plumx

Items in DR-NTU are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.