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Title: | The 2010 Mw 7.8 Mentawai earthquake : very shallow source of a rare tsunami earthquake determined from tsunami field survey and near-field GPS data | Authors: | Huang, Zhenhua Qiu, Qiang Banerjee, Paramesh Elosegui, Pedro Pranantyo, Ignatius Ryan Li, Linlin Skanavis, Vassilis Sieh, Kerry Hill, Emma M. Borrero, José C. Natawidjaja, Danny H. Fritz, Hermann M. Suwargadi, Bambang W. Macpherson, Kenneth A. Synolakis, Costas E. |
Keywords: | DRNTU::Science::Geology::Volcanoes and earthquakes | Issue Date: | 2012 | Source: | Hill, E. M., Borrero, J. C., Huang, Z., Qiu, Q., Banerjee, P., Natawidjaja, D. H., et al. (2012). The 2010 Mw 7.8 Mentawai earthquake : very shallow source of a rare tsunami earthquake determined from tsunami field survey and near-field GPS data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117, B06402 | Series/Report no.: | Journal of geophysical research | Abstract: | The Mw 7.8 October 2010 Mentawai, Indonesia, earthquake was a “tsunami earthquake,” a rare type of earthquake that generates a tsunami much larger than expected based on the seismicmagnitude. It produced a locally devastating tsunami, with runup commonly in excess of 6 m. We examine this event using a combination of high-rate GPS data, from instruments located on the nearby islands, and a tsunami field survey. The GPS displacement time series are deficient in high-frequency energy, and show small coseismic displacements (<22 cm horizontal and <4 cm subsidence). The field survey shows that maximum tsunami runup was >16 m. Our modeling results show that the combination of the small GPS displacements and large tsunami can only be explained by high fault slip at very shallow depths, far from the islands and close to the oceanic trench. Inelastic uplift of trench sediments likely contributed to the size of the tsunami. Recent results for the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoko-Oki earthquake have also shown shallow fault slip, but the results from our study, which involves a smaller earthquake, provide much stronger constraints on how shallow the rupture can be, with the majority of slip for the Mentawai earthquake occurring at depths of <6 km. This result challenges the conventional wisdom that the shallow tips of subduction megathrusts are aseismic, and therefore raises important questions both about the mechanical properties of the shallow fault zone and the potential seismic and tsunami hazard of this shallow region. | URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/95223 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/8666 |
ISSN: | 0148-0227 | DOI: | 10.1029/2012JB009159 | Rights: | © 2012 the American Geophysical Union. This paper was published in Journal of Geophysical Research and is made available as an electronic reprint (preprint) with permission of the American Geophysical Union. The paper can be found at the following official DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012JB009159. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic or multiple reproduction, distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper is prohibited and is subject to penalties under law. | Fulltext Permission: | open | Fulltext Availability: | With Fulltext |
Appears in Collections: | EOS Journal Articles |
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