Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/96629
Title: Experimental characterization and modeling of the mechanical properties of Cu–Cu thermocompression bonds for three-dimensional integrated circuits
Authors: Yan, Li Ling
Gan, Chee Lip
Kor, Katherine Hwee Boon
Chia, Hong Ling
Pey, Kin Leong
Made, Riko I.
Thompson, Carl V.
Issue Date: 2011
Source: Made, R. I., Gan, C. L., Yan, L., Kor, K. H. B., Chia, H. L., Pey, K. L., et al. (2012). Experimental characterization and modeling of the mechanical properties of Cu–Cu thermocompression bonds for three-dimensional integrated circuits. Acta Materialia, 60(2), 578-587.
Series/Report no.: Acta materialia
Abstract: An analytical model is proposed which relates the bonding temperature, pressure and duration with the integrity of metal–metal thermocompression bonds. Unlike previous models, this approach takes into account the pressure-dependent time evolution of the thermocompression bond formation. The model allows calculation of the true contact area of rough surfaces, based on a creep-dominated plastic deformation. Verification of the model was provided through experiments on Cu–Cu thermocompression bonds of electroplated Cu on diced silicon wafers with chemically/mechanically polished surfaces. The samples were bonded at a range of temperatures, pressures and times. Shear strength measurements were used to characterize the effects of the bonding parameters on the interface bond strength. Calculated true contact area and bond shear strength can be related by a single proportionality factor. The model can be used to predict the thermocompression bond quality for given bonding parameters and process optimization for reliable bonds, thus assisting in the adoption of the Cu thermocompression bond process in three-dimensional integrated circuit applications.
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/96629
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/10368
ISSN: 1359-6454
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.09.038
Schools: School of Materials Science & Engineering 
Rights: © 2011 Acta Materialia Inc.
Fulltext Permission: none
Fulltext Availability: No Fulltext
Appears in Collections:MSE Journal Articles

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