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      The gut microbiota influences blood-brain barrier permeability in mice

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      Author
      Braniste, Viorica
      Al-Asmakh, Maha
      Kowal, Czeslawa
      Anuar, Farhana
      Abbaspour, Afrouz
      Tóth, Miklós
      Korecka, Agata
      Bakocevic, Nadja
      Ng, Lai Guan
      Kundu, Parag
      Gulyás, Balázs
      Halldin, Christer
      Hultenby, Kjell
      Nilsson, Harriet
      Hebert, Hans
      Volpe, Bruce T.
      Diamond, Betty
      Pettersson, Sven
      Date of Issue
      2014
      School
      Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine)
      Related Organization
      Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
      Abstract
      Pivotal to brain development and function is an intact blood-brain barrier (BBB), which acts as a gatekeeper to control the passage and exchange of molecules and nutrients between the circulatory system and the brain parenchyma. The BBB also ensures homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). We report that germ-free mice, beginning with intrauterine life, displayed increased BBB permeability compared to pathogen-free mice with a normal gut flora. The increased BBB permeability was maintained in germ-free mice after birth and during adulthood and was associated with reduced expression of the tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-5, which are known to regulate barrier function in endothelial tissues. Exposure of germ-free adult mice to a pathogen-free gut microbiota decreased BBB permeability and up-regulated the expression of tight junction proteins. Our results suggest that gut microbiota–BBB communication is initiated during gestation and propagated throughout life.
      Subject
      Blood brain barrier
      Microbiota
      Type
      Journal Article
      Series/Journal Title
      Science Translational Medicine
      Rights
      © 2014 American Association for the Advancement of Science.
      Collections
      • SCELSE Journal Articles
      • LKCMedicine Journal Articles
      http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3009759
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