Integration of energy harvesting and electrochemical storage devices

Abstract

Multifunctional energy devices with various energy forms in different operation modes are emerging to meet the ever-increasing demand for future advanced smart electronics. Currrently, substantial efforts are being devoted to designing new combination systems or integrated devices with different function together. In this review, we summarize the recent progress made in developing integrated/joint multifunctional devices, with a focus on electrochromic batteries/supercapacitors and solar cells + batteries/supercapacitors. The concepts and design stategies are highlighted with discussion on their merit/demerits. Our opinions on future research to smart multifunctional energy-associated devices are provided at the end.