Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://hdl.handle.net/10356/150824
Title: | Toxicological effects of ingested nanocellulose in in vitro intestinal epithelium and in vivo rat models | Authors: | DeLoid, Glen M. Cao, Xiaoqiong Molina, Ramon M. Silva, Daniel Imbassahy Bhattacharya, Kunal Ng, Kee Woei Loo, Joachim Say Chye Brain, Joseph D. Demokritou, Philip |
Keywords: | Engineering::Environmental engineering | Issue Date: | 2019 | Source: | DeLoid, G. M., Cao, X., Molina, R. M., Silva, D. I., Bhattacharya, K., Ng, K. W., Loo, J. S. C., Brain, J. D. & Demokritou, P. (2019). Toxicological effects of ingested nanocellulose in in vitro intestinal epithelium and in vivo rat models. Environmental Science: Nano, 6(7), 2105-2115. https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9en00184k | Project: | NTU-HSPH 17001 | Journal: | Environmental Science: Nano | Abstract: | Cellulose is widely used as a thickener and filler in foods and drugs. It has been designated “generally regarded as safe” (GRAS). Nanocellulose (NC) has many additional potential applications designed to improve food quality and safety, but has not yet been designated as GRAS. Here we present results of toxicological studies of ingested NC in physiologically relevant in vitro and in vivo systems. In vitro studies employed a gastrointestinal tract simulator to digest two widely-used forms of NC, nanocellulose fibrils (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), at 0.75 and 1.5% w/w, in a fasting diet as well as in a standardized food model based on the average American diet. A triculture model of small intestinal epithelium was used to assess effects of a 24 hour incubation with the digested products (digesta) on cell layer integrity, cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. Other than a 10% increase over controls in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production with 1.5% w/w CNC, no significant changes in cytotoxicity, ROS or monolayer integrity were observed. In vivo toxicity was evaluated in rats gavaged twice weekly for five weeks with 1% w/w suspensions of CNF in either water or cream. Blood, serum, lung, liver, kidney, and small intestine were collected for analysis. No significant differences in hematology, serum markers or histology were observed between controls and rats given CNF suspensions. These findings suggest that ingested NC has little acute toxicity, and is likely non-hazardous when ingested in small quantities. Additional chronic feeding studies are required to assess long term effects, and potential detrimental effects on the gut microbiome and absorbance of essential micronutrients. These studies are underway, and their outcome will be reported in the near future. | URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/10356/150824 | ISSN: | 2051-8153 | DOI: | 10.1039/c9en00184k | Schools: | School of Materials Science and Engineering | Research Centres: | Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute |
Rights: | © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry. All rights reserved. This paper was published in Environmental Science: Nano and is made available with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry. | Fulltext Permission: | open | Fulltext Availability: | With Fulltext |
Appears in Collections: | MSE Journal Articles NEWRI Journal Articles |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Toxicological effects of ingested nanocellulose in In vitro intestinal epithelium and in vivo rat models.pdf | 1.47 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
SCOPUSTM
Citations
5
110
Updated on Mar 26, 2024
Web of ScienceTM
Citations
5
90
Updated on Oct 29, 2023
Page view(s)
272
Updated on Mar 26, 2024
Download(s) 50
66
Updated on Mar 26, 2024
Google ScholarTM
Check
Altmetric
Items in DR-NTU are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.