Rapid synthesis of ultrathin 2D materials through liquid-nitrogen and microwave treatments

Abstract

Metal-free two-dimensional (2D) materials have manifested fascinating properties and promising applications. But it has been a long-standing challenge to seek a universal, scalable and powerful strategy to produce 2D materials. Herein, we demonstrate a new universal and rapid method to exfoliate bulk layered materials into ultrathin 2D structures through liquid-nitrogen and microwave treatments.