「台湾意识」的内涵 ：对「新台湾人意识」的剖析 = Aspects of Taiwanese ideology : an exposition on new Taiwanese consciousness

Abstract

近20年来两岸关系从紧张疏离到近来的密切暧昧，一直备受关注，台湾意识的发展也因此深受瞩目。1987年《台湾省戒严令》由蒋经国总统宣布解除后，台湾进入民主时代，赋予了「台湾意识」新的意义，也孕育着「新台湾人意识」的产生。「新台湾人意识」的崛起与这20年间台湾政局及两岸关系局势息息相关。90年代中国政权在外交及军事上对台湾的一再打压达到高峰，造成台湾人民的强烈不满。台湾当局便藉巩固台湾岛内的民族意识为由，把中共的打压解释为与全体台湾人民为敌，顺理成章地把「新台湾人意识」的概念当作一种反抗的工具。在两岸关系恶劣的催化下，以及台湾各政党的借机操纵下，台湾岛内的「民族意识」也得以强化。然而随着亲中国的马英九政权上台后，加上经济上的实际考量，以「台湾民族意识」为基础的「新台湾人意识」是否仍能够持续强化则是非常大的疑问。Political observers have in the recent years kept a keen eye on the Cross-Strait relations. In the past 20 years, the once tenuous relationship between China and Taiwan has warmed and given rise to the significance of Taiwanese Ideology. After President Chiang Ching-kuo lifted martial law in 1987, Taiwan entered an era of democracy, evolving a new meaning for Taiwanese Ideology. The New Taiwanese Consciousness subsequently emerged and was intrinsically linked with the development of the Cross-Strait relations.The pressure that China exerted on Taiwan on the foreign diplomacy and military fronts fermented popular discontent among the Taiwanese citizens. Taiwan authorities then harnessed this restlessness to develop the concept of New Taiwanese Consciousness as a means of retaliating against the Chinese. Abetted by the political manoeuvrings of the Taiwan government, nationalism in Taiwan grew from strength to strength, as the Cross-Strait relations worsened. However, the ascendancy of Ma Ying-jeou and economic considerations both cast serious doubt on the strengthening of the nationalism-based New Taiwanese Consciousness in the future.