Powder bed quality measurements and characterization in metal additive manufacturing

Abstract

Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) is a 3D printing process used for metallic powders to build parts with high precision. This printing technique utilises an electron beam or laser beam to melt down and which fuse metallic powder layer by layer. This method generates low waste as most of the unused powder is collected and reused again. However, during the printing process, the metallic powder is subjected to high temperatures and pressure for prolonged periods of time which may cause oxidation. This oxidation may result in a change in properties such as colour, morphology, and particle size.