A current-balancing circuit for multiple light-emitting-diode (LED) strings

Abstract

Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are one of the most widely used lighting devices in a multitude of applications, from light indicators on electronic devices to street light lamps. They serve as an important replacement for older lighting methods, such as incandescent and fluorescent lights. LEDs can be compact, have energy efficient properties and longer lifespans compared to their conventional lighting counterparts. Therefore, these advantages allow it to have the benefits of being more cost effective and sustainable.

However, LEDs are current-sensitive devices where for such LEDs to be implemented effectively, the circuit that encompasses the system should support the even distribution of current throughout the system to maintain their advantages. As an uneven distribution of current would cause certain LEDs to have deviations in luminosity and their lifespan affected accordingly.

The purpose of this project is to design and implement a circuit that is capable of dynamically adjusting the current flow to different strings of LEDs based on any detected abnormalities and suitably distribute the currents evenly to operate as per in normal conditions to safeguard the performance and integrity of the LEDs with minimal human intervention.