Engineering Fourier planes for analog image processing

Abstract

This report delves into the realm of optical information processing, focusing on the implementation of edge detection within a Fourier domain-based 4f optical system. Utilising MATLAB and its Image Processing Toolbox, the project aims to design and optimise a system for real-time image processing. By initialising fundamental physical constants and system parameters, and employing Sobel operators within the Fourier domain, the study demonstrates effective edge detection of various input patterns, including structured geometric shapes and arbitrary images. The results underscore the potential of combining optical and computational techniques to achieve efficient and accurate edge detection.

The project's success is evidenced by the clear delineation of edges in test patterns and complex images, highlighting the Sobel operator's robustness across different orientations and complexities. Furthermore, the exploration of MATLAB-based algorithms showcases advancements in edge detection methodologies, contributing to fields such as medical imaging, robotics, and quality control.

This comprehensive study not only addresses a critical research gap but also lays the groundwork for future innovations in optical information processing.