Implementing GeoGebra 3D Calculator with augmented reality in multivariable calculus education

Abstract

This paper studies how the GeoGebra 3D Calculator with augmented reality (AR) serves as a tool for visualizing 3D graphs from functions of two variables in a mid-sized multivariable calculus class. We assessed this AR tool's usability as a content delivery system. In our study, 39 students in the AR group received instructions on using the GeoGebra 3D Calculator with AR tool, while another 28 students in the control group worked exclusively with PowerPoint slides. Statistical testing reveals that the GeoGebra 3D Calculator with AR proves more effective than PowerPoint slides in terms of usability for teaching and learning multivariable calculus. However, the students' attitudes and engagement do not show significant differences between the AR and control groups. This preliminary study highlights the crucial role of innovative educational technologies like the GeoGebra 3D Calculator with AR in enhancing the visualization of 3D graphs and other multivariable calculus topics. It suggests an advancement in the evolution of digital tools in education. The increased usability observed in the AR group indicates a promising direction for future educational strategies, especially in fields that require strong spatial visualization skills.