Investigation of liquified carbon dioxide carriers demands for port operations: Singapore

Abstract

The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) have placed consecutive checkpoints in year 2030, 2040 and 2050 to further enforce on carbon neutrality goals. Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) have been introduced in the maritime industry as a promising key to accelerate progress of attaining carbon neutrality by 2050. The front runners of the maritime CCUS value chain are Liquified Carbon Dioxide (LCO2) carriers designed as port supply vessels which provides LCO2 collection service for vessels fitted with Onboard Carbon Capture System (OCCS). Despite several experimental build-ups, there is limited research towards the design of a LCO2 carrier as port supply vessel.

This study gains insights to the demands for these LCO2 carriers as port supply vessels in Singapore port waters by analysing locations of high-density bunkering operations and supply terminals. The study also concluded on embodiment design considerations pertaining to size category, speed profile, and recommendation on suitable pressure and storage tank capacity to support the preliminary design of the receiving LCO2 carrier as port supply vessel. Tabulation on the amount of LCO2 captured by various OCCS capture rates from vessels transiting from different ports within Middle East and Asia-Pacific to Singapore was studied in supporting the recommended storage capacity onboard the receiving LCO2 carriers for its initial introduction. A conceptual operational deployment for these receiving LCO2 carriers was also reviewed.