“You are what you eat”: the role of food in identity construction in Asian Americans

Abstract

Food functions as a crucial medium through which individuals navigate their relationship with their identity. Within the context of the Asian-ethnic identity, culinary traditions offer a tangible expression of cultural heritage and values. It is not merely about the flavours and ingredients; it is about the preparation of each dish, and the stories and memories associated with each dish. Culture and identity are embodied through food and cooking. For Asian-Americans, food thus functions as a language for Asian-Americans to accept or reject, to adapt or resist assimilation. On one hand, learning to cook American dishes, and sharing meals with friends and neighbours can facilitate integration into American society. Food becomes a bridge, fostering a sense of belonging within Asian-Americans. On the other hand, food also holds the power to preserve and assert one’s cultural identity in the face of Americanization. By preparing and consuming traditional dishes, Asian-Americans assert their heritage and resist the homogenising forces of the American mainstream culture. Food here thus becomes an act of defiance against assimilation, and a reaffirmation of one’s roots and identity. Thus, food transcends mere sustenance; it becomes a site of cultural negotiation and resilience.