Application of physics in sports biomechanics and the development of a cardiac index

Abstract

The application of engineering in the area of sports, allows for a better understanding of sports performance. In this study, the biomechanics of sports in areas such as kicking a soccer ball, skiing down slope, serving a tennis ball, batting a baseball, spiking a volleyball, and the momentum of billiard balls are explored. Law of mechanics and physics are applied to obtain the range of travel in one-dimensional and two-dimensional and the momentum of impacting bodies. Besides looking at sports biomechanics, a Non-Dimensional Cardie Fitness Index is developed to measure the fitness level of an individual. This index uses the heart rate and oxygen consumption rate during and after exercise on a threadmill to determine the fitness of a person.