The roots of Islamic radicalism in Indonesia : study of Kartosuwirjo and Iman Samudra cases.

Abstract

The ideological roots of the radicalism in Indonesia in the past symbolized by SM Kartosuwirjo and in the present day symbolized by Imam Samudra are analyzed in this dissertation. Are there any similarities? These movements base their motivation on some Islamic concepts, such as hijra (migration), jihad Pght), and iqomatud-din (establishing religion). SM Kartosuwiryo viewed that Dutch colonialism and the application of Pancasila as the ideological basis of the state motivated the Muslim radical to do hijra and jihad against kuffar (infidel). Meanwhile, Imam Samudra regarded that Muslim countries are in a colonized situation, with the West and the US seen as the colonizers, so that they had to create a rival movement to protect their societies. Kartosuwirjo and Imam Samudra stated that they faced a similar situation as those living in a "Darul Harb " (a country under war condition/zone).