Energy management in a smart DC grid

Abstract

In today's world where global warming is becoming a pressing issue, there is a need to source for clean renewable alternatives such as wind or solar energy. Energy storage will be crucial during periods of low demand where excess energy generated through these sources will not go to waste. The stored energy can then be released in times of heavy demand to ease the load on conventional generators.

Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) battery stack was used to store the excess energy generated. In a battery stack, it is essential for each cell to be of the same state of charge (SoC) level to prevent cell mismatch and prolong battery life.

In this report, a Battery Management System (BMS) will be constructed to monitor on the individual SoC of each cell using their respective Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) readings. Through monitoring and balancing the voltages of each individual cell, it is aimed to prolong the overall lifespan of the battery stack.