徐渭题画诗中竹子的意象 = The bamboo images in Xu Wei's poems on paintings

Abstract

明代徐渭（公元1521-1593）自称书一、诗二、文三、画四，他的一生坎坷，只能寄情于诗、书、文、画。张岱在《跋徐青藤小品画》提到：“故昔人谓摩诘之诗，诗中有画，画中有诗；余亦谓青藤之书，书中有画，青藤之画，画中有书。”徐 渭中年学画，不守一家，不拘一格，既有广泛的师承，又能突破前规抒发己性。徐渭喜画竹，亦爱作题竹画诗。本文的研究目是透过徐渭的题竹画诗去探索徐渭的人生经历对其水墨、题画内容的影响。徐渭的晚年贫病交迫，这种情况对他的题竹画诗作品特色起着重要影响，他以竹子高洁的意象要表达自己内心的感受，并从中得到心灵寄托。笔者以其题竹画诗的研究以总结出徐渭的题画艺术创作特征。 Xu Wei of the Ming Dynasty (1521-1593 A.D) regarded himself as the best in calligraphy, better in poetry and good in prose and painting. Due to the turbulence in his life , he could only seek solace and convey his thought and feeling by crafting poems, practising calligraphy , writing proses and doing paintings. Zhang Dai mentioned, “It was commented that Wang Wei’s poetry had a sense of painting and his painting had a sense of poetry. Similarly, I feel that in Xu Wei’s calligraphy, there is a sense of painting and in his painting, there is a sense of calligraphy. Xu wei focused his efforts on painting in his fifties . He does not adhere to any particular traditions , and created a style of his own. Xu Wei’s style of painting was not only a result of many teachers’ teaching, but also a breakthrough from the prior rules of painting in order to express his emotions. Xu Wei likes to paint bamboos , and also includes poems on his painting of the bamboos. The main purpose of this study is to explore the influence of Xu Wei’s life experiences on his painting and its content , by analysing his poems on paintings. In Xu Wei’s last stage of his life, he was strickened with poverty and illness and this situation undoubtedly, played a significant role in influencing the distinguishing feature of his works. He used the noble image of the bamboo in the chinese tradition which is noble to express his inner most thoughts , so as to seek sustenance for his inner soul . Xu Wei’s poems on paintings had a major influence on the works of future literati, and he became one of the representative among other scholar-amateur painters.