Alternative (renewable) energy in shipping

Abstract

The degree of impact brought about by bunker used in shipping has been extensive, affecting human health and environment. In addition, rising oil price and fear of depletion of oil reserve has also led to much uncertainty pertaining to the energy sustainability for its future use. In complying with regulations set by International Maritime Organisation (IMO), ship-owners have also adopted various reduction techniques such as scrubber and selective catalytic reduction (SCR). However, current techniques cannot entirely eliminate emission released by ships. Faced with the above pressing issues, the introduction of alternative sources might be a feasible solution. The framework of this report is based on a comprehensive review and analysis of past literatures, primary and secondary data. Past literature findings indicate the negative impact of bunker as well as challenges and issues faced by adopting alternative energy in the environmental aspect. The alternative energy that will be covered in this report includes bio-fuels, hydrogen cells, wind and solar energy. Findings based on surveys and interviews conducted also indicated that ship-owners who are the ultimate buyers of alternative energy technologies are more concerned about energy efficiency and cost of their operations over environment preservation. Furthermore, they have also indicated their reluctance in the adoption of alternative energy technologies with the discoveries of more oil sources.