李碧华小说《霸王别姬》的性别建构 ： 同性恋、双性恋和异性恋 = The construction of gender in Li Bihua’s “farewell my concubine” : homosexuality, bisexuality and heterosexuality

Abstract

李碧华小说《霸王别姬》中，藉三个主要人物建构了三种性欲特质——程蝶衣（同性恋）、段小楼（双性恋）及菊仙（异性恋），有利于探讨文学的性别研究。

笔者透过这篇小说分析小说人物的性倾向，希望让更多人认识，不仅是文学，还有现实生活中的同性恋、双性恋以及异性恋霸权。

本文的主要内容有三章，分别是第二、三和四章。第二章分析程蝶衣的跨性别同性恋身份，第三章论证段小楼的双性恋身份，第四章则探讨菊仙对程段之恋的态度、男性霸权和异性恋霸权的建立和消磨，以及以庄子罔两问景的理论分析同性恋和双性恋在异性恋霸权社会中的地位。 Three “modes” of sexuality are depicted in Li Bihua’s novel “Farewell My Concubine”, corresponding to the three main characters in the story: Cheng Dieyi (homosexuality), Duan Xiaolou (bisexuality) and Ju Xian (heterosexuality), which gives this novel a high reference value for the study of construction of gender.

In this paper, I analyse the idea of sexuality in the hope that more people can be informed about homosexuality, bisexuality and heterosexual hegemony, not only in the world of art but also in “real life”.

There are three main chapters in my essay, which are Chapter 2, 3 and 4. Chapter 2 elaborates on Cheng Dieyi’s transgender-homosexual identity; Chapter 3 discusses Duan Xiaolou’s bisexuality; while Chapter 4 considers Juxian’s attitude toward the Cheng-Duan relationship, the rise and fall of hegemonic masculinity and heterosexual hegemony, and lastly employs the philosophy of Zhuangzi to discuss the social position of homosexuality and bisexuality under heterosexual hegemony.