Theories and assessment tools in autism spectrum disorders : a review of empirical evidence

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is classified as a developmental disorder which manifests itself in (a) impairments in social functioning and communication and (b) repetitive and restricted behaviours. With an increasing rate of diagnosis, there has been a growing need to understand ASD. This paper will review past research on theories of ASD. Research on assessment tools used to measure and diagnose ASD will also be examined. Evidence supporting and criticising theories and assessment tools of ASD will be reviewed and discussed in order to identify issues for future research. The understanding of the different facets of ASD would hopefully provide greater insight into the mechanisms of ASD and refine assessment methods for future diagnosis.