Launching system for small unmanned aerial vehicles

Abstract

The objective of this project is to design a lightweight, portable and sturdy Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) launching system. Current UAV launching systems, such as the ScanEagle’s launching system, weigh around 200kg. The launching system designed in this project weighs just 84kg. Additionally, the maximum payload that can be launched by this project’s launcher is 50kg, approximately double that of the ScanEagle’s launcher. A unique feature of this system is that the launching mechanism extends outside the launching frame, improving the launching system in two ways. Firstly, the launching frame’s size and weight is reduced since the launching mechanism does not need to be contained within the launching frame. Secondly, the UAV can plunge slightly after leaving the frame and before hitting take-off velocity since the launching mechanism does not disengage immediately after leaving the frame, further reducing the size of the frame. An actual prototype was analysed in ANSYS after several design iterations. Finite element method (FEM) analysis was performed with a safety factor of 1.5 and a force of 2586N on the actual launching system, with the conclusion that the actual launching system was structurally sound. A 1:4 scale test prototype was also constructed out of PVC pipes and nylon ropes for experiments to validate the design of some peripheral components. The project concluded with a successful iteration of the launching system designed, tested and found to satisfy all requirements set out for weight, structural strength and portability.