Candida albicans in cystic fibrosis: “Opening statements presented, let the trial begin”

Abstract

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic destructive genetic disease resulting from dysfunction of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein that encodes an apically located chloride ion channel on the cellular epithelial surface. Within the lung, this causes mucociliary impairment and consequently an inability to mobilize secretions. The result is mucus trapping, bacterial colonization, recurrent exacerbations, persistent inflammation, structural bronchiectasis and death predominantly attributed to respiratory failure 1,2. Important advances in understanding disease pathogenesis, particularly on a molecular level, coupled with newer therapeutic approaches have increased the life expectancy for patients with CF (PWCF). Such positive change also brings new and previously unrecognized challenges in disease management. One such challenge remains understanding the role of fungal colonization and infection in PWCF.