A case study on the evacuation of deep mega underground development in Singapore

Abstract

Subterranean space utilisation is considered as a viable solution to the lack of land space in Singapore. However, commercial development, with substantial floor area located at a significant depth underground is the first-of-its-kind in the world. Vertical exit shafts, one of the unique features of this underground development, serve as the only means of egress for occupants in the underground development. This feature is critical in ensuring safety of all occupants. Strategically located exit shafts with well-organised geometric layout will facilitate the overall evacuation process. This paper presents a case study that aims to optimise the locations of exit shafts in an underground development using STEPS simulation software.