Ni and its alloys possess a lower reaction rate with Sn than Cu and Cu alloys. Ni-based under bump metallization (UBM) therefore receives considerable attention from the microelectronic packaging industry for the popular ...

This work presents an investigation on the influence of the solder/under bump metallization (UBM) interfacial reaction to the tensile strength and fracture behavior of Sn-3.5Ag/Ni-P solder joints under different thermal ...

Thermal aging is one of the accelerated tests for IC package reliability during manufacturing processes and under actual usage conditions. During the process of thermal aging, intermetallic compounds (IMC) grow continuously ...

Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) are present in microelectronic solder interconnects as a result of interfacial reaction between the solder and the metallization materials. Their mechanical properties are of great interest ...

Solid state reaction between Sn-rich solders (Sn–3.5Ag and Sn–37Pb) and two types of Ni-based metallization (electroless Ni–P and sputtered Ni) has been studied. The growth rates of the main intermetallic compound (IMC), ...

Effect of electromigration on interfacial reactions between electroless Ni–P (EL-Ni) and eutectic Sn–3.5% Ag solder has been investigated. Sandwich-type reaction couples, Cu/EL-Ni/Sn–3.5% Ag/EL-Ni/Cu, having two EL-Ni/Sn–3.5% ...

Cooling rate is an important parameter in solder reflow process because it influences not only microstructure of solder alloy but also the morphology and growth of intermetallic compounds (IMC) formed between solder and ...

Electroless Ni–P with a thin layer of immersion gold has been considered as a promising under bump metallization (UBM) for low-cost flip–chip technology. However, the presence of P in electroless Ni–P causes complicated ...

This work summarizes the interfacial reaction between lead-free solder Sn-3.5Ag and electrolessly plated Ni-P metallization in terms of morphology and growth kinetics of the intermetallic compounds (IMC). Comparison with ...